Sleep difficulties and poor sleep quality are very common complaints amongst users of primary health care and have various consequences for sufferers. It is thought that unnecessary or prolonged use of high doses of sleep medication is due mainly to lack of knowledge about the associated risks. It is important to improve our understanding of sleep complaints in order to develop and implement measures to promote health and so our aim was to determine the prevalence of poor sleep quality and the use of sleep medication in residents of a Columbian neighborhood residents receiving support under the Family Health Strategy in Colatina-ES. We collected data on demographic characteristics and sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Mixed methods field research was carried out using two questionnaires, the PQSI and a questionnaire developed specifically for this study. Although 57.6% of respondents reported ‘good’ or ‘very good’ sleep quality for the past month, 84.44% scored above the PSQI threshold for poor sleep quality (PSQI=5). Complaints about sleep are common these days and a good prognosis for patients with trouble sleeping or poor sleep quality, educational measures are of great importance.

There arefewstudiesin sheepindicating thebest sitefor inoculationagainst bovine and avianPPD.Our aim was to determine whetherthe site ofinoculation influencedthe use ofreference values.Wecompared the effects ofcervical intradermal tuberculin inoculationat two sites. Initially we tested 49 adult sheep of the Santa Inês breed, directed for testing in the cervical region.After 90 days, 27 animals previously tested and found negative,were tested again usingthe same test,but administered in the dorsal region of the pelvic limb. The test involvedinjecting0.1 ml of Avian PPD (0.5mg / ml) cranially and 0.1 ml of Bovine PPD (0.5mg/kg) caudally, atsites separated by a distance of 7cm, using tuberculin guns. Skin fold thickness was measured by calipers for TB examinations with grip spring and watch in stainless steel prior to the application of PPDs and after 72 hours.The skin thickness values were compared using thettest (p<0.05). All animals were considered negative. Before injection of avian PPD we determined thatskinwas thicker at the neckthan the pelvic region. After 72 hours there was no group difference in skin thickness, although there was a local,exacerbated hypersensitivity reaction.Reading thetime0,groups showedstatistically significant differencesin skin thickness.There werenodifferencesin skin thicknessbetween the two sites,suggesting thatthe reference valuesmay be employedintuberculintestingat both the sites wetested withoutaffecting the final result.

Glyphosate, known commercially as Roundup®, is a herbicide widely used in coffee plantations in Espírito Santo State. However little is known about the safety measures in its management or the quantity of glyphosate in the environment. We investigated the use of personal protective equipment(PPE) and quantified traces of the herbicide in samples of water, soil, leaves and grains from four sites, the Colatina, Pancas, Santa Tereza and São Gabriel, using UV/VIS spectrophotometry. Antibiograms were used to investigate the sensitivity of the human intestinal microflora to glyphosate. Post hoc Tukey tests were used to investigate mean differences (p<0.05). The graphs were evaluated using the Excel 2010 program. None of the farms used PPE properly. Although water extracted from Pancas and São Gabriel was not contaminated, all the soil samples had high concentrations of glyphosate and the grain and leaf samples also had high levels of glyphosate(=7.5mg/L). These concentrations pose a risk to human health because a concentration of 7.5mg/L was sufficient to eliminate Escherichia coliand Enterecoccus from intestinal flora.

High doses of sunlight can cause aging and skin cancer. Sunscreens are used to protect against cell damage. Many Colatina residents work in the fields and on construction sites and thus have high sun exposure, but there is no data on their knowledge about or use of protection against the sun. A quantitative, cross-sectional study was carried out to investigate knowledge about the effects of sun exposure and adoption of protective measures in patients of the UNESC-Saude. The results showed that women paid more attention to skin protection than men and that the use of sunscreen was directly related to educational level. The results suggest that men over 50 years old and people with little education are at increased risk of aging and skin cancer due to exposure to sunlight.